We’ve all been in that meeting. The one with the awkward silences, the person who can’t figure out their mic, and the creeping feeling that it all could have been an email. Virtual meetings are a cornerstone of modern work, but when they're bad, they're a serious drain on time and energy. The good news is that running an effective online meeting isn't a secret art form; it's a skill you can learn. It comes down to having a solid plan, the right tools, and a clear understanding of the best practices for virtual meetings. This guide will walk you through everything from preparation to follow-up, helping you turn dreaded video calls into productive, engaging collaborations.
How to Run Great Virtual Meetings & Pick the Best Software
Choosing the right meeting platform and implementing best practices are key to successful virtual meetings, especially for hybrid teams.
- Platform options: Zoom, Microsoft Teams, Google Meet, and Slack cater to different team needs, from small check-ins to large events.
- Best practices: Set clear goals, keep meetings short, and use features like screen sharing for better collaboration.
- Key features: High-quality video, real-time transcription, and integration with existing tools enhance virtual meetings.
- Challenges: Technical difficulties and time zone issues can be mitigated with preparation and flexible scheduling.
What is a Virtual Meeting?
At its core, a virtual meeting is simply a gathering where people connect online in real-time from different locations. Using a phone, laptop, or tablet, team members can collaborate as if they were in the same room. For hybrid and remote teams, these meetings are the backbone of communication, allowing for everything from quick daily check-ins to major project kickoffs. They bridge geographical gaps, ensuring everyone stays aligned and connected, no matter where they’re working from. The key is to make these online interactions as seamless and productive as their in-person counterparts, which all comes down to having the right tools and a solid plan.
The effectiveness of a virtual meeting often depends on the platform you choose and how you use it. Different types of meetings call for different features. A brainstorming session might require an interactive whiteboard, while a company-wide announcement is better suited for a webinar format where presenters can share information with a large audience. Understanding the nuances between these formats helps you select the best approach for your goal, making sure your time online is spent effectively and everyone leaves the meeting with a clear understanding of the next steps. It’s about turning a simple video call into a powerful collaboration session.
Types of Virtual Meetings
Not all virtual meetings are created equal. The format you choose should align with your meeting's objective. A quick team sync has very different needs than a formal presentation to clients. Picking the right type ensures you have the features you need to get the job done efficiently. For example, some formats are designed for two-way conversation and active collaboration, while others are structured for one-way information delivery. Knowing the difference helps you set clear expectations for participants and keeps the meeting focused on its intended purpose, preventing a simple update from turning into an hour-long discussion.
Video Conferencing
Video conferencing is likely what first comes to mind when you think of a virtual meeting. It allows participants to see and hear each other, making it ideal for fostering connection and reading non-verbal cues. This format is perfect for team-building activities, one-on-one check-ins, and important discussions where seeing facial expressions adds valuable context. Because it closely mimics an in-person conversation, video conferencing helps build rapport among team members who may not see each other regularly, strengthening relationships and improving overall collaboration within a distributed team.
Web Conferencing
Web conferencing takes video calls a step further by adding powerful collaboration tools. Platforms like Zoom or Microsoft Teams often include features like screen sharing, digital whiteboards, and breakout rooms. This makes web conferencing the go-to choice for interactive sessions such as group brainstorming, project planning, or collaborative workshops. The ability for multiple people to share their screens or contribute to a shared document in real-time transforms a passive viewing experience into an active working session, making it highly effective for getting creative and tactical work done with your team.
Webinars
Webinars are structured like online seminars, with one or a few presenters speaking to a large audience. Unlike a typical meeting, attendee interaction is usually limited to Q&A sessions or polls, which are managed by the host. This one-to-many format is perfect for training sessions, product demonstrations, or company-wide announcements where the primary goal is to deliver information clearly and efficiently. Because the audience is mostly in listen-only mode, webinars are easier to manage with large groups and ensure the key message is delivered without interruption.
Teleconferences
A teleconference is an audio-only meeting, essentially a group phone call. While video has become the standard, teleconferencing still has its place. It’s a great option for quick, straightforward updates where visual aids aren't necessary. It's also a reliable backup if participants are having internet issues or are joining from the road. For daily stand-ups or simple check-ins, an audio-only call can be more efficient and less demanding than a full video conference, allowing the team to connect and align without the pressure of being on camera.
Pros and Cons of Virtual Meetings
Virtual meetings have become a cornerstone of modern work, offering incredible flexibility and connectivity. They allow teams to collaborate across continents and time zones, breaking down geographical barriers that once limited talent pools and business opportunities. However, they also come with their own set of challenges. Relying on technology means you're susceptible to technical glitches, and the lack of physical presence can sometimes make it harder to build strong team bonds. Understanding both the advantages and disadvantages helps you create a strategy to maximize the benefits while mitigating the potential downsides for your team.
Pros
The most significant advantage of virtual meetings is accessibility. Anyone with an internet connection can join from anywhere in the world, which is a game-changer for global teams and companies embracing flexible work. This also leads to significant cost savings on travel and office space. Another key benefit is the ability to record sessions, allowing team members who couldn't attend to catch up later or for anyone to review important decisions. This creates a valuable archive of information and ensures no one is left out of the loop, which is crucial for maintaining alignment in a fast-paced environment.
Cons
On the flip side, virtual meetings are heavily dependent on technology. A poor internet connection, software bugs, or hardware failures can easily derail a meeting. There's also the risk of "Zoom fatigue," where back-to-back video calls lead to mental exhaustion. Without the spontaneous "water cooler" chats of an office, it can be harder to build personal connections, and participants may be more prone to distractions like checking emails or getting pulled into other tasks. Finally, security can be a concern if meetings aren't properly protected, posing a risk of unauthorized access to sensitive information.
How to Prepare for a Virtual Meeting
Walking into a virtual meeting unprepared is like showing up to an in-person one without knowing the agenda. A little prep work goes a long way in ensuring everything runs smoothly. This means doing more than just clicking the "join" link on time. You need to check your tech, create a professional environment, and plan the logistics to make sure the meeting is productive for everyone involved. Taking a few minutes to prepare can prevent common technical hiccups and distractions, allowing the conversation to flow naturally and stay focused on the objectives. This preparation sets the stage for a successful and engaging session.
Set Up Your Tech and Environment
Your physical surroundings and technical setup have a huge impact on your presence in a virtual meeting. A clear video and crisp audio signal professionalism and respect for the other participants' time. Before you join a call, take a moment to assess your environment. Is your background distracting? Is there a lot of ambient noise? Simple adjustments, like closing a door or facing a window for better lighting, can make a world of difference. Testing your equipment beforehand ensures you won't be the person holding up the meeting while you troubleshoot your microphone.
Use a Wired Internet Connection
While Wi-Fi is convenient, it can be unstable. For important meetings, a wired Ethernet connection is your best friend. Plugging your computer directly into your router provides a more stable and faster internet connection, reducing the risk of your video freezing or dropping altogether. According to best practices from Stanford University, this simple step is one of the most effective ways to ensure a smooth, uninterrupted connection, allowing you to focus on the conversation instead of worrying about your Wi-Fi signal.
Use Headphones to Prevent Echo
Ever been in a meeting where someone's audio creates a distracting echo for everyone else? This is usually caused by their microphone picking up the sound from their speakers. The easiest fix is to use headphones. A simple pair of earbuds or a dedicated headset will isolate the audio, ensuring your microphone only picks up your voice. This small change dramatically improves the audio quality for everyone on the call and eliminates one of the most common and annoying virtual meeting problems.
Check Your Lighting
Good lighting helps others see your facial expressions, making the conversation feel more personal and engaging. The best setup is to have your primary light source in front of you, not behind you. Sitting with a bright window or lamp behind you will turn you into a silhouette, making it hard for others to see you. If you don't have a window in front of you, a simple desk lamp positioned behind your laptop can work wonders. It’s a small detail that makes a big professional impact.
Reduce Background Noise
Background noise is a major distraction in virtual meetings. Before you join, try to find a quiet space where you won't be interrupted. Close the door, silence your phone, and shut any windows if there's noise outside. And remember the golden rule: mute your microphone whenever you're not speaking. This prevents any unexpected sounds—like a dog barking or a notification ping—from disrupting the flow of the conversation for everyone else. It's a simple act of courtesy that everyone on the call will appreciate.
Choose Your Attire Carefully
Just because you're working from home doesn't mean you can ignore your appearance. Dressing professionally shows you're taking the meeting seriously. You don't need a full suit, but changing out of your pajamas is a good start. It's also smart to consider how your clothes will look on camera. Solid, simple colors tend to work best. Avoid busy patterns, stripes, or pure black and white, as they can sometimes create a distracting visual effect on screen. Your attire should be professional but not distracting.
Plan the Logistics
Beyond your personal setup, the logistics of the meeting itself are crucial for success. This involves everything from sending clear invitations to having a contingency plan if things go wrong. Proper planning ensures that everyone knows when and where to be, what the meeting is about, and what is expected of them. It also accounts for the unique challenges of hybrid work, where some participants are in the office while others are remote. A well-planned meeting runs on time, stays on topic, and achieves its goals with minimal friction.
Send Invites and Reminders
A clear meeting invitation is the first step to a productive session. Make sure your invite includes a descriptive title, a concise agenda, the date and time (with the time zone clearly stated), and a direct link to join the meeting. Sending a reminder an hour or a day before can also be helpful, especially for important meetings. This ensures everyone has the meeting on their radar and has all the information they need to join on time and prepared to contribute.
Book a Physical Space for Hybrid Meetings
When some team members are in the office and others are remote, coordinating a hybrid meeting adds another layer of complexity. The in-office group needs a physical space, but you don't want them all crowding around a single laptop. This is where a meeting room booking system becomes essential. By booking a conference room equipped for video calls, you ensure the in-person attendees have a professional setup that integrates smoothly with the remote participants. This prevents the remote team from feeling like they're just an afterthought and creates a more equitable experience for everyone involved.
Have a Backup Plan
Technology can be unpredictable, so it's always wise to have a backup plan. What will you do if the video conferencing platform goes down? Or if a key presenter loses their internet connection? Your backup plan could be as simple as having a conference call number ready as an alternative or being prepared to reschedule if necessary. According to advice for virtual meetings, thinking through these potential issues ahead of time means you can handle them calmly and professionally without derailing the entire meeting.
Secure Your Meeting
Meeting security is more important than ever, especially when discussing sensitive company information. Uninvited guests can disrupt a meeting and pose a serious security risk. Most video conferencing platforms offer features to prevent this. Always protect your meetings with a password and consider using a waiting room, which allows the host to screen participants before they join. Disabling screen sharing for non-hosts can also prevent unwanted content from being displayed. Taking these simple precautions helps ensure your meeting remains a private and secure space for your team.
Join Early to Test Everything
Joining the meeting a few minutes early is a simple habit that can save you a lot of stress. This gives you a moment to test your audio and video one last time, check your lighting, and make sure your background is clear of any clutter. It also gives you a chance to greet other early arrivals, which can be a nice way to build rapport before the meeting officially kicks off. If you're the host, joining early is even more critical, as it allows you to admit people from the waiting room and get everything set up before the scheduled start time.
Virtual Meeting Etiquette and Participation
The rules of engagement in a virtual meeting can be a little different from an in-person one. Good etiquette is all about being respectful of others' time and creating an environment where everyone feels comfortable contributing. This includes simple things like muting your microphone when you're not talking and waiting for your turn to speak. It also means being present and engaged, rather than multitasking in another window. Following these unwritten rules helps the meeting run more smoothly and ensures that the conversation is productive and inclusive for everyone involved.
Mute Your Mic When Not Speaking
This is perhaps the most important rule of virtual meeting etiquette. Background noise from an unmuted microphone—whether it's typing, a cough, or a nearby conversation—can be incredibly distracting for everyone else on the call. As the National Science Foundation suggests, get into the habit of muting yourself as soon as you're done speaking and unmuting only when you're ready to talk again. This simple action shows respect for the current speaker and helps keep the audio clear and focused, making the meeting more pleasant and productive for all.
Turn Your Camera On, Especially When Speaking
While it can be tempting to leave your camera off, being visible helps create a stronger sense of connection and engagement. Seeing each other's faces and body language makes the interaction feel more human and less transactional. It's especially important to have your camera on when you are speaking, as it helps others feel more connected to what you're saying. It also benefits participants who may rely on lip-reading or visual cues to fully understand the conversation, making the meeting more inclusive and accessible.
Wait for Your Turn to Speak
In a virtual setting, it can be tricky to find the right moment to jump into a conversation without interrupting someone. The slight audio lag can make it easy to accidentally talk over others. To avoid this, be patient and wait for a natural pause in the conversation before you speak. Many platforms also have a "raise hand" feature, which is a great way to signal to the host that you have something to say without interrupting the current speaker. This keeps the conversation orderly and ensures everyone gets a chance to contribute.
Speak Clearly
When you speak, make sure you're talking at a clear and steady pace. Position yourself close enough to your microphone so that your voice is picked up clearly, but not so close that it sounds distorted. It's also helpful to enunciate your words and pause briefly between points. This gives people time to process what you're saying and is especially helpful for participants who may be listening in a noisy environment or for whom the language of the meeting is not their first language. Clear communication is key to a successful meeting.
Avoid Multitasking
It's easy to think you can discreetly check your email or work on another task during a virtual meeting, but people can usually tell when you're not paying attention. Multitasking not only means you might miss important information, but it's also disrespectful to the speaker and the other participants. To stay focused, close any unnecessary tabs or applications and silence notifications on your phone and computer. Being fully present shows your colleagues that you value their time and contributions.
Let the Host Know if You Need to Leave
If you need to leave a meeting before it's scheduled to end, it's courteous to let the host know. If you can, send them a private message ahead of time so they're aware. If you have to leave unexpectedly, a quick private message explaining your departure is a polite gesture. Simply disappearing from the call without a word can be jarring and might leave others wondering what happened. A brief note is a simple way to show respect for the group's time.
How to Keep Participants Engaged
One of the biggest challenges of hosting a virtual meeting is keeping everyone engaged. When people are sitting in front of their computers, it's easy for their attention to wander. As a host, it's your job to create a dynamic and interactive experience that encourages participation. This means going beyond a simple presentation and incorporating activities that get people involved. By using interactive tools, asking for feedback, and varying the format, you can transform a passive listening session into an active collaboration that holds everyone's attention from start to finish.
Start with an Icebreaker
Jumping straight into business can feel a bit abrupt, especially if team members don't know each other well. Starting the meeting with a quick icebreaker or a simple check-in question can help everyone relax and get into a more collaborative mindset. It could be as simple as asking everyone to share one good thing that happened to them this week or what they had for breakfast. This small moment of personal connection helps build rapport and sets a positive, open tone for the rest of the meeting.
Use a Timer to Stay on Track
Meetings that drag on without a clear end in sight are a major cause of disengagement. Using a timer for different agenda items is a great way to keep the meeting focused and moving at a good pace. When everyone can see how much time is left for a particular topic, it encourages them to be more concise and stay on point. This respects everyone's time and helps ensure you cover everything on the agenda without running over, which is something all participants will appreciate.
Vary the Format and Use Interactive Tools
Listening to one person talk for an hour is a recipe for disengagement. To keep things interesting, vary the format of your meeting. Mix presentations with group discussions, Q&A sessions, and breakout rooms. Make use of the interactive tools your platform offers, such as polls, chat, and emoji reactions. Asking people to drop their ideas in the chat or vote on a poll is a low-pressure way to encourage participation and gather real-time feedback, making the meeting feel more like a conversation than a lecture.
Ask for Feedback
Don't wait until the end of the meeting to see if it was useful. Check in with your participants throughout the session. You can pause and ask, "Does this make sense?" or "Does anyone have questions so far?" This not only helps you gauge the level of understanding but also makes participants feel like their input is valued. You can also ask for feedback on the meeting process itself, either during the meeting or afterward, to find out what's working and what could be improved for next time.
How to Avoid "Zoom Fatigue"
If you've ever ended a day of back-to-back video calls feeling completely drained, you've experienced "Zoom fatigue." This mental exhaustion is a real phenomenon caused by the intense focus required for virtual interactions. Unlike in-person conversations, video calls force us to process non-verbal cues like facial expressions and body language in a more concentrated way, which can be mentally taxing. Recognizing the signs of virtual meeting burnout is the first step toward finding strategies to combat it and create a healthier, more sustainable approach to remote collaboration.
What is Zoom Fatigue?
Zoom fatigue, or virtual meeting burnout, is the feeling of tiredness, worry, or exhaustion associated with overusing video conferencing platforms. It happens because our brains have to work harder to interpret social cues over video. We're also more aware of being watched, which can feel like being on stage for hours at a time. This constant "on" feeling, combined with staring at a screen for long periods, can lead to mental and physical strain, making it harder to focus and stay productive throughout the day.
Strategies to Combat Virtual Meeting Burnout
The good news is that Zoom fatigue isn't inevitable. With a few intentional strategies, you can reduce the strain of virtual meetings and make them less draining. It's all about being more mindful of how and when you use video calls. This means prioritizing which conversations need to be face-to-face, building breaks into your schedule, and finding a healthy balance between virtual and in-person collaboration. Small changes can make a big difference in your energy levels and overall well-being.
Keep Meetings Short
Not every meeting needs to be an hour long. In fact, shorter meetings are often more productive because they force you to be concise and stay on topic. Try scheduling 25- or 50-minute meetings instead of the default 30 or 60 minutes. This approach, often called "speedy meetings," builds in a natural buffer between calls and encourages efficiency. Before scheduling any meeting, ask yourself if the topic can be covered in a shorter amount of time. Respecting everyone's time is a key part of a healthy meeting culture.
Schedule Breaks Between Calls
Jumping directly from one video call to another is a fast track to burnout. Your brain needs time to rest and reset. Make a conscious effort to schedule short breaks between your meetings. Even five or ten minutes can be enough to stretch, grab a glass of water, or simply look away from your screen. This downtime is crucial for reducing eye strain and mental fatigue, allowing you to show up to your next meeting feeling refreshed and ready to engage.
Encourage In-Person Collaboration
For hybrid teams, one of the best ways to combat virtual fatigue is to be intentional about in-person time. When you know your team is going to be in the office, save your most collaborative and complex discussions for those days. Using a hybrid work software can make this easy by showing you who’s planning to be in the office and when. This allows you to coordinate your schedules for high-value, face-to-face collaboration, making office days more purposeful and reducing the reliance on video calls for every single conversation.
Cancel Unnecessary Meetings
The most effective way to reduce meeting fatigue is to have fewer meetings. Before you schedule a call, ask yourself if it's truly necessary. Could this update be an email instead? Could this question be answered in a quick chat message? Empower your team to decline meetings that don't have a clear agenda or purpose. Creating a culture where meetings are reserved for collaboration and important discussions—not just for sharing information—is the ultimate strategy for freeing up everyone's calendar and energy.
What to Do After the Meeting
The work isn't over just because the meeting has ended. The follow-up is just as important as the meeting itself. This is where you solidify the decisions that were made, clarify responsibilities, and ensure that the momentum from the conversation carries forward into action. A strong follow-up process turns a good discussion into tangible results. Without it, important action items can fall through the cracks, and the time spent in the meeting can go to waste. Taking a few minutes for post-meeting tasks is a crucial final step.
Send a Summary and Action Items
Soon after the meeting concludes, send out a brief summary to all participants. This recap should highlight the key takeaways, major decisions, and a clear list of action items. For each action item, be sure to assign an owner and a due date. This creates accountability and ensures that everyone is on the same page about what needs to happen next. A written summary also serves as a valuable record of the meeting that anyone can refer back to later.
Clarify Next Steps
Beyond the list of action items, it's helpful to briefly outline the overall next steps. This might include scheduling a follow-up meeting, setting a deadline for a project phase, or outlining the communication plan for a decision. Clarifying the path forward helps everyone understand how their individual tasks fit into the bigger picture. It ensures that the progress made during the meeting continues and that the team keeps moving in the right direction toward its goals.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is it really necessary to have my camera on for every single meeting? While turning on your camera is a great way to build connection, it's not always essential. For highly collaborative or important discussions, being on camera helps everyone read non-verbal cues and feel more engaged. However, for a routine check-in or a large webinar where you're mostly listening, it's perfectly fine to have your camera off. The key is to be intentional. If you're speaking, it's best practice to turn your camera on so people can connect with you and your message more easily.
What's the best way to handle technical difficulties during a call without derailing the whole meeting? The best approach is to stay calm and have a simple backup plan. If your audio or video cuts out, try quickly turning your video off to save bandwidth. If that doesn't work, use the chat to let the host know you're having trouble and will rejoin. As a host, it's helpful to acknowledge the issue, suggest a quick fix, and if it persists, confidently move on with the agenda while that person sorts out their connection. Having a conference call number as a backup can also be a lifesaver.
My team is quiet and nobody participates. How can I encourage more interaction without forcing it? Instead of asking a broad question like, "Any questions?", try asking for specific input in low-pressure ways. Use interactive tools like polls for quick feedback or ask everyone to drop an idea into the chat at the same time. You can also call on people directly, but in a supportive way, such as, "Sarah, I know you've worked on this before, what are your initial thoughts?" This gives people a clear invitation to speak and shows you value their specific expertise.
Do I really need a detailed agenda for a short, informal team sync? A formal, multi-page document isn't necessary for a quick check-in, but you should still have a clear purpose. Even for a 15-minute sync, having two or three key talking points listed in the meeting invite helps everyone come prepared. This ensures the conversation stays focused and respects everyone's time. Think of it less as a rigid agenda and more as a simple roadmap to keep the discussion on track and productive.
How can I make hybrid meetings feel fair for both in-person and remote attendees? Creating an equitable experience is crucial. The key is to avoid a dynamic where remote participants feel like they're just watching the "real" meeting. Use a dedicated conference room with good audio and video equipment so everyone can be seen and heard clearly. The meeting host should actively engage remote attendees, calling on them for input and making sure they have a chance to speak. Encouraging everyone, both in-person and remote, to use the "raise hand" feature can also level the playing field.
Key Takeaways
- Preparation is Non-Negotiable: Ensure a smooth meeting by testing your tech beforehand and planning the logistics. This means sending a clear agenda, securing your call, and booking an appropriate space for hybrid teams.
- Make Engagement Everyone's Responsibility: Keep participants focused by making meetings interactive. As a host, use tools like polls and timers; as a participant, keep your camera on and avoid multitasking to show respect for everyone's time.
- Fight Meeting Fatigue with Intention: Avoid burnout by treating meetings as a limited resource. Keep them short, schedule breaks in between, and critically assess if a topic can be resolved with a quick message or email instead of a call.

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